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product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 1 mqfl-270-05d dual output mqfl-270-05d-y-es 270vin 5.0vout@24a dc-dc converter +vin in rtn case ena 1 sync out sync in ena 2 share +sns -sns out rtn +vout s/ n 0000000 d/c 3205-301 cage 1wx10 the milqor ? series of high-reliability dc-dc converters brings synqors field proven high-efficiency synchronous rectifier technology to the military/aerospace industry. synqors innovative qorseal tm packaging approach ensures survivability in the most hostile environments. compatible with the industry standard format, these converters oper - ate at a fixed frequency, have no opto-isolators, and follow conservative component derating guidelines. they are designed and manufactured to comply with a wide range of military standards. h ig h r eliability dc-dc c onve r te r f ull p owe r o p e r ation : -55oc to +125oc features mqfl series converters (with mqme filter) are designed to meet: specification compliance mqfl series converters are: design process mqfl series converters are qualified to: qualification process in-line manufacturing process d esigned & m anufactured in the usa f eaturing q or s eal ? h i -r el a ssembly ? designed for reliability per navso-p3641-a guidelines ? designed with components derated per: mil-hdbk-1547a navso p-3641a ? mil-std-810f consistent with rtca/d0-160e ? synqors first article qualifcation consistent with mil-std-883f ? synqors long-term storage survivability qualifcation ? synqors on-going life test ? as9100 and iso 9001:2000 certifed facility ? full component traceability ? temperature cycling ? constant acceleration ? 24, 96, 160 hour burn-in ? three level temperature screening ? mil-hdbk-704-7 (a through f) ? rtca/do-160 section 16 ? mil-std-1275 ? def-stan 61-5 (part 6)/5 ? mil-std-461 (c, d, e) ? rtca/do-160 section 22 ? fixed switching frequency ? no opto-isolators ? parallel operation with current share ? clock synchronization ? primary and secondary referenced enable ? continuous short circuit and overload protection ? input under-voltage and over-voltage shutdown ? output voltage trim 155-400v 155-475v 5.0v 24a 89% @ 12a / 89% @ 24a continuous input transient input output output effciency
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 2 technical specification block diagram typical connection diagram isolation stage regulation stage uvlo ovsd control power primary control + vin input return case enable 1 sync out sync in 1 2 3 4 5 6 gate drivers i s o l a t i o n b a r r i e r current limit current sense bias power transformer t 1 t 2 magnetic data coupling 7 8 secondary control gate drivers 12 11 10 9 positive output positive output output return share enable 2 trim t 1 t 2 negative output mqfl + vin in rtn case ena 1 sync out sync in ena 2 share trim - vout out rtn + vout 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 11 10 9 8 7 load + + 270 vdc open means on load + open means on _ _ _ _ _ _ output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 3 technical specification mqfl-270-05d electrical characteristics parameter min. typ. max. units notes & conditions group a vin=270v dc 5%, iout=24a, cl=0f, free running (see note 10) unless otherwise specifed subgroup absolute maximum ratings input voltage non-operating 600 v operating 550 v see note 1 reverse bias (tcase = 125oc) -0.8 v reverse bias (tcase = -55oc) -1.2 v isolation voltage (i/o to case, i to o) continuous -500 500 v transient (100s) -800 800 v operating case temperature -55 135 c see note 2 storage case temperature -65 135 c lead temperature (20s) 300 c voltage at ena1, ena2 -1.2 50 v input characteristics operating input voltage range 155 270 400 v continuous 1, 2, 3 155 270 475 v transient, 1s 4, 5, 6 input under-voltage lockout see note 3 turn-on voltage threshold 142 150 155 v 1, 2, 3 turn-off voltage threshold 133 140 145 v 1, 2, 3 lockout voltage hysteresis 5 11 17 v 1, 2, 3 input over-voltage shutdown see note 3 turn-off voltage threshold 490 520 550 v 1, 2, 3 turn-on voltage threshold 450 475 500 v 1, 2, 3 shutdown voltage hysteresis 20 50 80 v 1, 2, 3 maximum input current 1 a vin = 155v; +iout = Ciout = 12a 1, 2, 3 no load input current (operating) 28 37 ma 1, 2, 3 disabled input current (ena1) 1 4 ma vin = 155v, 270v, 475v 1, 2, 3 disabled input current (ena2) 6 11 ma vin = 155v, 270v, 475v 1, 2, 3 input terminal current ripple (pk-pk) 140 180 ma bandwidth = 100khz C 10mhz; see figure 20 1, 2, 3 output characteristics output voltage set point (tcase = 25oc) 1 positive output 4.95 5.00 5.05 v 1 negative output -5.05 -5.00 -4.95 v 2, 3 output voltage set point over temperature 1 positive output 4.92 5.00 5.08 v 1 negative output -5.08 -5.00 -4.92 v 2, 3 positive output voltage line regulation -20 0 20 mv vin = 155v, 270v, 400v; +iout = Ciout = 12a 1, 2, 3 positive output voltage load regulation 15 25 35 mv vout @ (+iout = Ciout = 0a) C vout @ (+iout = Ciout = 12a) 1, 2, 3 total positive output voltage range 4.90 5.00 5.10 v 1, 2, 3 vout cross regulation (negative) 100 200 350 mv Cvout @ (+iout = Ciout = 4.8a) C Cvout @ (+iout = 19.2a, Ciout = 4.8a) 1, 2, 3 vout ripple and noise peak to peak 20 60 mv bandwidth = 10 mhz; cl=11f 1, 2, 3 total operating current range 0 24 a (+iout) + (Ciout) 1, 2, 3 single output operating current range 0 19.2 a maximum +iout or Ciout 1, 2, 3 operating output power range 0 120 w total on both outputs 1, 2, 3 output dc current-limit inception 25 29 32 a +iout + Ciout; +iout = Ciout; see note 4 1, 2, 3 short circuit output current 26 30 34 a vout 1.2v; see note 15 see note 5 back-drive current limit while enabled 6 a 1, 2, 3 back-drive current limit while disabled 10 75 ma 1, 2, 3 maximum output capacitance 10,000 f total on both outputs see note 5 dynamic characteristics output voltage deviation load transient see note 6 for a pos. step change in load current -575 -375 mv total iout step = 12a?-?24a, 2.4a?-?12a; cl=11f 4, 5, 6 for a neg. step change in load current 375 575 mv 4, 5, 6 settling time (either case) 300 500 s see note 7 4, 5, 6 output voltage deviation line transient vin step = 155v?-?400v; cl=11 f; see note 8 for a pos. step change in line voltage -650 650 mv 4, 5, 6 for a neg. step change in line voltage -1000 1000 mv 4, 5, 6 settling time (either case) 500 600 s +iout = 12a, Ciout = 0a; see note 7 see note 5 turn-on transient output voltage rise time 6 10 ms vout = 0.5v-?4.5v 4, 5, 6 output voltage overshoot 0 2 % see note 5 turn-on delay, rising vin 50 75 120 ms ena1, ena2 = 5v; see notes 9 & 11 4, 5, 6 turn-on delay, rising ena1 5 10 ms ena2 = 5v; see note 11 4, 5, 6 turn-on delay, rising ena2 2 4 ms ena1 = 5v; see note 11 4, 5, 6 output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 4 technical specification mqfl-270-05d electrical characteristics (continued) parameter min. typ. max. units notes & conditions group a vin=270v dc 5%, iout=24a, cl=0f, free running (see note 10) unless otherwise specifed subgroup (see note 14) efficiency iout = 24a (155vin) 86 89 % 1, 2, 3 iout = 12a (155vin) 87 89 % 1, 2, 3 iout = 24a (270vin) 85 88 % 1, 2, 3 iout = 12a (270vin) 84 87 % 1, 2, 3 iout = 24 a (400 vin) 83 86 % 1, 2, 3 iout = 12 a (400 vin) 80 83 % 1, 2, 3 load fault power dissipation 22 36 w iout at current limit inception point; see note 4 1, 2, 3 short circuit power dissipation 24 34 w +vout +1.2v; -vout -1.2v 1, 2, 3 isolation characteristics isolation voltage (dielectric strength) input rtn to output rtn 500 v 1 any input pin to case 500 v 1 any output pin to case 500 v 1 isolation resistance (input rtn to output rtn) 100 m 1 isolation resistance (any pin to case) 100 m 1 isolation capacitance (input rtn to output rtn) 44 nf 1 feature characteristics switching frequency (free running) 500 550 600 khz 1, 2, 3 synchronization input frequency range 500 700 khz 1, 2, 3 logic level high 2.0 5.5 v 1, 2, 3 logic level low -0.5 0.8 v 1, 2, 3 duty cycle 20 80 % see note 5 synchronization output pull down current 20 ma vsync out = 0.8v see note 5 duty cycle 25 80 % output connected to sync in of other mqfl unit see note 5 enable control (ena1 and ena2) off-state voltage 0.8 v 1, 2, 3 module off pulldown current 80 a current drain required to ensure module is off see note 5 on-state voltage 2 v 1, 2, 3 module on pin leakage current 20 a imax drawn from pin allowed, module on see note 5 pull-up voltage 3.2 4.0 4.5 v see figure a 1, 2, 3 reliability characteristics calculated mtbf (mil-std-217f2) gb @ tcase = 70oc 2600 10 3 hrs. aif @ tcase = 70oc 300 10 3 hrs. weight characteristics device weight 79 g electrical characteristics notes 1. converter will undergo input over-voltage shutdown. 2. derate output power to 50% of rated power at tcase = 135o c. 3. high or low state of input voltage must persist for about 200s to be acted on by the lockout or shutdown circuitry. 4. current limit inception is defned as the point where the output voltage has dropped to 90% of its nominal value. 5. parameter not tested but guaranteed to the limit specifed. 6. load current transition time 10 s. 7. settling time measured from start of transient to the point where the output voltage has returned to 1% of its fnal value. 8. line voltage transition time 250 s. 9. input voltage rise time 250 s. 10. operating the converter at a synchronization frequency above the free running frequency will slightly reduce the converters effciency and may also cause a slight reduction in the maximum output current/power available. for more information consult the factory. 11. after a disable or fault event, module is inhibited from restarting for 300 ms. see shut down section. 12. all +vout and -vout voltage measurements are made with kelvin probes on the output leads. 13. share pin outputs a power failure warning pulse during a fault condition. see current share section. 14. only the es and hb grade products are tested at three temperatures. the b and c grade products are tested at one temperature. please refer to the ess table for details. 15. these derating curves apply for the es- and hb- grade products. the c- grade product has a maximum case temperature of 100o c and a maximum junction temperature rise of 20o c above tcase. the b- grade product has a maximum case temperature of 85o c and a maximum junction temperature rise of 20o c at full load. 16. converter delivers current into a persisting short circuit for up to 1 second. see current limit in the application notes section. output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 5 output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d figures 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 total output power (w) efficiency (%) 155 vin 270 vin 400 vin 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 total output power (w) power dissipation (w) 155 vin 270 vin 400 vin 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 19.2/0 16.8/2.4 14.4/4.8 12/7.2 9.6/9.6 7.2/12 4.8/14.4 2.4/16.8 0/19.2 load current (a), +iout / -iout efficiency (%) 155 vin 270 vin 400 vin 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 19.2/0 16.8/2.4 14.4/4.8 12/7.2 9.6/9.6 7.2/12 4.8/14.4 2.4/16.8 0/19.2 load current (a), +iout / -iout power dissipation (w) 155 vin 270 vin 400 vin 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 - 55 oc 25 oc 85 oc 125 oc case temperature ( oc ) efficiency (%) 155 vin 270 vin 400 vin 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 - 55 oc 25 oc 85 oc 125 oc case temperature ( oc ) power dissipation (w) 155 vin 270 vin 400 vin figure 1: effciency vs. output power, from zero load to full load with equal load on the +5v output and 50% load on the -5v output at minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25c. figure 2: power dissipation vs. output power, from zero load to full load with equal load on the +5v output and 50% load on the -5v output at minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25c. figure 3: effciency vs. output current, with total output current fxed at 80% load (96w) and loads split as shown between the +5v and -5v outputs at minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25c. figure 4: power dissipation vs. output current, with total output current fxed at 80% load (96w) and loads split as shown between the +5v and -5v outputs at minimum, nominal, and max input voltage at 25c. figure 5: effciency at 60% load (7.2a load on +5v and 7.2a load on -5v) versus case temperature for vin = 155v, 270v, and 400v. figure 6: power dissipation at 60% load (7.2a load on +5v and 7.2a load on -5v) versus case temperature for vin =155v, 270v, and 400v.
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 6 output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d figures 4.75 4.80 4.85 4.90 4.95 5.00 5.05 5.10 5.15 5.20 5.25 19.2/4.8 16.8/7.2 14.4/9.6 12/12 9.6/14.4 7.2/16.8 4.8/19.2 +i out (a) / -i out (a) positive output (v) -5.25 -5.20 -5.15 -5.10 -5.05 -5.00 -4.95 -4.90 -4.85 -4.80 -4.75 negative output (v) +vout -vout 4.65 4.70 4.75 4.80 4.85 4.90 4.95 5.00 5.05 5.10 5.15 5.20 5.25 5.30 5.35 19.2/0 16.8/2.4 14.4/4.8 12/7.2 9.6/9.6 7.2/12 4.8/14.4 2.4/16.8 0/19.2 +i out (a) / -i out (a) positive output (v) -5.35 -5.30 -5.25 -5.20 -5.15 -5.10 -5.05 -5.00 -4.95 -4.90 -4.85 -4.80 -4.75 -4.70 -4.65 negative output (v) +vout -vout 4.75 4.80 4.85 4.90 4.95 5.00 5.05 0 24 48 72 96 120 total output power (w) positive output (v) -5.05 -5.00 -4.95 -4.90 -4.85 -4.80 -4.75 +vout -vout 4.75 4.80 4.85 4.90 4.95 5.00 5.05 5.10 5.15 5.20 0 24 48 72 96 120 total output power (w) positive output (v) -5.20 -5.15 -5.10 -5.05 -5.00 -4.95 -4.90 -4.85 -4.80 -4.75 +vout -vout 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 25 45 65 85 105 125 145 case temperature ( oc ) iout (a) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 tjmax = 105 o c tjmax = 125 o c tjmax = 145 o c pout (w) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 load current (a) output voltage (v) 270 vin figure 7: load regulation vs. load current with power fxed at full load (120w) and load currents split as shown between the +5v and -5v outputs, at nominal input voltage and tcase = 25oc. figure 8: load regulation vs. load current with power fxed at 80% load (96w) and load currents split as shown between the +5v and -5v outputs, at nominal input voltage and tcase = 25oc. figure 9: load regulation vs. total output power from zero to to full load where +iout equals three times -iout at nominal input voltage and tcase = 25oc. figure 10: load regulation vs. total output power from zero to to full load where -iout equals three times +iout at nominal input voltage and tcase = 25oc. figure 11: output current / output power derating curve as a function of tcase and the maximum desired power mosfet junction temperature (see note 15). figure 12: positive output voltage vs. total load current evenly split showing typical current limit curves. see current limit section in the application notes section.
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 7 figures figure 13: turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive load) (5 ms/div). input voltage pre-applied. ch 1: +vout (2v/div); ch 2: -vout (2v/div); ch 3: enable1 input (5v/div). figure 14: turn-on transient at zero load current (5 ms/div). input voltage pre-applied. ch 1: +vout (2v/div); ch 2: -vout (2v/div); ch 3: enable1 input (5v/div). figure 15: turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive load) (5 ms/div). input voltage pre-applied. ch 1: +vout (2v/div); ch 2: -vout (2v/div); ch 3: enable2 input (5v/div). figure 16: turn-on transient at full load, after application of input voltage (ena 1 and ena 2 logic high) (20 ms/div). ch 1: +vout (2v/ div); ch 2: -vout (2v/div); ch 3: vin (100v/div). figure 17: output voltage response to step-change in total load current (50%-100%-50%) of total iout (max) split 50%/50%. load cap: 1f ceramic cap and 10f, 100 m w esr tantalum cap. ch 1: +vout (500 mv/div); ch 2: +iout (10a/div); ch 3: -vout (500 mv/div); ch 4: -iout (10a/div). figure 18: output voltage response to step-change in total load current (10%-50%-10%) of total iout (max) split 50%/50%. load cap: 1f ceramic cap and 10f, 100 m w esr tantalum cap. ch 1: +vout (500 mv/div); ch 2: +iout (10a/div); ch 4: -vout (500 mv/div); ch 4: -iout (10a/div). output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 8 figures figure 19: output voltage response to step-change in input voltage (155v - 400v - 155v). load cap: 10f, 100 m w esr tantalum cap and 1f ceramic cap. ch 1: +vout (500mv/div); ch 2: -vout (500mv/div); ch 3: vin (100v/ div). figure 20: test set-up diagram showing measurement points for input terminal ripple current (figure 21) and output voltage ripple (figure 22). figure 21: input terminal current ripple, ic, at full rated output current and nominal input voltage with synqor mq flter module (50 ma/div). bandwidth: 20mhz. see figure 20. figure 22: output voltage ripple, +vout (ch 1) and -vout (ch 2), at nominal input voltage and full load current evenly split (20 mv/ div). load capacitance: 1f ceramic cap and 10f tantalum cap. bandwidth: 10 mhz. see figure 20. figure 23: rise of output voltage after the removal of a short circuit across the positive output terminals. ch 1: +vout (2v/div); ch 2: -vout (2v/div); ch 3: +iout (20a/div). figure 24: sync out vs. time, driving sync in of a second synqor mqfl converter. output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 9 output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d figures -60 -55 -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 hz reverse transmission (db) 155 vin 270 vin 400 vin -60 -55 -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 hz reverse transmission (db) 155 vin 270 vin 400 vin 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 hz output impedance (ohms) 155 vin 270 vin 400 vin 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 hz output impedance (ohms) 155 vin 270 vin 400 vin -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 hz forward transmission (db) 155 vin 270 vin 400 vin -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 hz forward transmission (db) 155 vin 270 vin 400 vin figure 25: magnitude of incremental output impedance (+z out = +v out /+i out ) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. figure 26: magnitude of incremental output impedance (-z out = -v out /-i out ) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. figure 27: magnitude of incremental forward transmission (+ft = +v out /v in ) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. figure 28: magnitude of incremental forward transmission (-ft = -v out /v in ) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. figure 29: magnitude of incremental reverse transmission (+rt = i in /+i out ) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. figure 30: magnitude of incremental reverse transmission (-rt = i in /-i out ) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power.
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 10 output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d figures 1 10 100 1000 10000 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 hz input impedance (ohms) 155 vin 270 vin 400 vin figure 31: magnitude of incremental input impedance (z in = v in /i in ) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power with 50% / 50% split. figure 32: high frequency conducted emissions of standalone mqfl-270-05s, 5vout module at 120w output, as measured with method ce102. limit line shown is the basic curve for all applications with a 270v source. figure 33: high frequency conducted emissions of mqfl- 270-05s, 5vout module at 120w output with mqme-270-p flter, as measured with method ce102. limit line shown is the basic curve for all applications with a 270v source.
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 11 output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d application section basic operation and features the mqfl dc-dc converter uses a two-stage power conversion topology. the frst, or regulation, stage is a buck-converter that keeps the output voltage constant over variations in line, load, and temperature. the second, or isolation, stage uses transformers to provide the functions of input/output isolation and voltage transformation to achieve the output voltage required. in the dual output converter there are two secondary windings in the transformer of the isolation stage, one for each output. there is only one regulation stage, however, and it is used to control the positive output. the negative output therefore displays cross-regulation, meaning that its output voltage depends on how much current is drawn from each output. both the positive and the negative outputs share a common output return pin. both the regulation and the isolation stages switch at a fxed frequency for predictable emi performance. the isolation stage switches at one half the frequency of the regulation stage, but due to the push-pull nature of this stage it creates a ripple at double its switching frequency. as a result, both the input and the output of the converter have a fundamental ripple frequency of about 550 khz in the free-running mode. rectifcation of the isolation stages output is accomplished with synchronous rectifers. these devices, which are mosfets with a very low resistance, dissipate far less energy than would schottky diodes. this is the primary reason why the mqfl converters have such high effciency, particularly at low output voltages. besides improving effciency, the synchronous rectifers permit operation down to zero load current. there is no longer a need for a minimum load, as is typical for converters that use diodes for rectifcation. the synchronous rectifers actually permit a negative load current to fow back into the converters output terminals if the load is a source of short or long term energy. the mqfl converters employ a back-drive current limit to keep this negative output terminal current small. there is a control circuit on both the input and output sides of the mqfl converter that determines the conduction state of the power switches. these circuits communicate with each other across the isolation barrier through a magnetically coupled device. no opto-isolators are used. a separate bias supply provides power to both the input and output control circuits. an input under-voltage lockout feature with hysteresis is provided, as well as an input over-voltage shutdown. there is also an output current limit that is nearly constant as the load impedance decreases to a short circuit (i.e., there is no fold-back or fold-forward characteristic to the output current under this condition). when a load fault is removed, the output voltage rises exponentially to its nominal value without an overshoot. the mqfl converters control circuit does not implement an output over-voltage limit or an over-temperature shutdown. the following sections describe the use and operation of additional control features provided by the mqfl converter. control features enable: the mqfl converter has two enable pins. both must have a logic high level for the converter to be enabled. a logic low on either pin will inhibit the converter. the ena1 pin (pin 4) is referenced with respect to the converters input return (pin 2). the ena2 pin (pin 12) is referenced with respect to the converters output return (pin 8). this permits the converter to be inhibited from either the input or the output side. regardless of which pin is used to inhibit the converter, the regulation and the isolation stages are turned off. however, when the converter is inhibited through the ena1 pin, the bias supply is also turned off, whereas this supply remains on when the converter is inhibited through the ena2 pin. a higher input standby current therefore results in the latter case. both enable pins are internally pulled high so that an open connection on both pins will enable the converter. figure a shows the equivalent circuit looking into either enable pins. it is ttl compatible. 2 n 3 9 0 4 1 n 4 1 4 8 2 5 0 k 1 2 5 k 68k 5 . 0 v t o e n a b l e c i r c u i t r y p i n 4 ( o r p i n 1 2 ) p i n 2 ( o r p i n 8 ) i n r t n e n a b l e figure a: circuit diagram shown for reference only, actual circuit components may differ from values shown for equivalent circuit. col 1 col 2
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 12 application section synchronization: the mqfl converters switching frequency can be synchronized to an external frequency source that is in the 500 khz to 700 khz range. a pulse train at the desired frequency should be applied to the sync in pin (pin 6) with respect to the input return (pin 2). this pulse train should have a duty cycle in the 20% to 80% range. its low value should be below 0.8v to be guaranteed to be interpreted as a logic low, and its high value should be above 2.0v to be guaranteed to be interpreted as a logic high. the transition time between the two states should be less than 300ns. if the mqfl converter is not to be synchronized, the sync in pin should be left open circuit. the converter will then operate in its free-running mode at a frequency of approximately 550 khz. if, due to a fault, the sync in pin is held in either a logic low or logic high state continuously, the mqfl converter will revert to its free-running frequency. the mqfl converter also has a sync out pin (pin 5). this output can be used to drive the sync in pins of as many as ten (10) other mqfl converters. the pulse train coming out of sync out has a duty cycle of 50% and a frequency that matches the switching frequency of the converter with which it is associated. this frequency is either the free-running frequency if there is no synchronization signal at the sync in pin, or the synchronization frequency if there is. the sync out signal is available only when the dc input voltage is above approximately 125v and when the converter is not inhibited through the ena1 pin. an inhibit through the ena2 pin will not turn the sync out signal off. note: an mqfl converter that has its sync in pin driven by the sync out pin of a second mqfl converter will have its start of its switching cycle delayed approximately 180 degrees relative to that of the second converter. figure b shows the equivalent circuit looking into the sync in pin. figure c shows the equivalent circuit looking into the sync out pin. pin 2 pin 6 5 k 5 v sync in in rtn to sync circuitry 5 k figure b: equivalent circuit looking into the sync in pin with respect to the in rtn (input return) pin. figure c: equivalent circuit looking into sync out pin with respect to the in rtn (input return) pin. from sync circuitry 5 k 5 v sync out in rtn pin 2 pin 5 open collector output current share: like the single output mqfl converters, the dual output converters have a share pin (pin 11). in this case, however, the voltage at this pin represents the sum of the positive and negative output currents. as such, the share pin cannot cause two or more paralleled converters to share load currents on the positive or negative outputs independently. nevertheless, there may be applications where the two currents have a fxed ratio, in which case it can make sense to force the sharing of total current among several converters. since the share pin is monitored with respect to the output return (pin 8) by each converter, it is important to connect all of the converters output return pins together through a low dc and ac impedance. when this is done correctly, the converters will deliver their appropriate fraction of the total load current to within +/- 10% at full rated load. whether or not converters are paralleled, the voltage at the share pin could be used to monitor the approximate average current delivered by the converter(s). a nominal voltage of 1.0v represents zero current and a nominal voltage of 2.2v represents the maximum rated total current, with a linear relationship in between. the internal source resistance of a converters share pin signal is 2.5k?. during an input voltage fault or primary disable event, the share pin outputs a power failure warning pulse. the share pin will go to 3v for approximately 14ms as the output voltage falls. during a current limit auto-restart event, the share pin outputs a startup synchronization pulse. the share pin will go to 5v for approximately 2ms before the converter restarts. note: converters operating from separate input flters with reverse polarity protection (such as the mqme-270-r flter) with their outputs connected in parallel may exhibit auto- restart operation at light loads. consult factory for details. output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 13 application section output voltage trim: if desired, it is possible to increase or decrease the mqfl dual converters output voltage from its nominal value. to increase the output voltage a resistor, rup, should be connected between the trim pin (pin 10) and the output return pin (pin 8), as shown in figure d. the value of this resistor should be determined according to the following equation: rup = 10 x ( vout C 2.5 C 2 x vnom + 5 ) vnom C vout where: vnom = the converters nominal output voltage, vout = the desired output voltage (greater than vnom), and rup is in kiloohms (k?). the maximum value of output voltage that can be achieved is 0.5v above the nominal output. to decrease the output voltage a resistor, rdown, should be connected between the trim pin and the positive output pin (pin 7), as shown in figure d. the value of this resistor should be determined according to the following equation: rup = 10 x [ vnom C 1 ] x [ vout C 2.5 C 5 ] 2.5 vnom C vout where: vnom = the converters nominal output voltage, vout = the desired output voltage (less than vnom), and rup is in kiloohms (k?). as the output voltage is trimmed up, it produces a greater voltage stress on the converters internal components and may cause the converter to fail to deliver the desired output voltage at the low end of the input voltage range at the higher end of the load current and temperature range. please consult the factory for details. factory trimmed converters are available by request. 270 vdc load load mqfl +vin in rtn case ena 1 sync out sync in ena 2 share trim ? vout out rtn +vout 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 11 10 9 8 7 op e n m e an s o n op e n m e an s o n r u p r do w n + ? ? ? + + figre e: change in output voltage graph. input under-voltage lockout: the mqfl converter has an under-voltage lockout feature that ensures the converter will be off if the input voltage is too low. the threshold of input voltage at which the converter will turn on is higher that the threshold at which it will turn off. in addition, the mqfl converter will not respond to a state of the input voltage unless it has remained in that state for more than about 200s. this hysteresis and the delay ensure proper operation when the source impedance is high or in a noisy enviroment. 0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0 1,000.0 10,000.0 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 change in vout (v) trim resistance (kohms) trim down configuration trim up configuration output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 14 output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d application section input over-voltage shutdown: the mqfl converter also has an over-voltage feature that ensures the converter will be off if the input voltage is too high. it also has a hysteresis and time delay to ensure proper operation. shut down: the mqfl converter will shut down in response to following conditions: - ena1 input low - ena2 input low - vin input below under-voltage lockout threshold - vin input above over-voltage shutdown threshold - persistent current limit event lasting more than 1 second following a shutdown from a disable event or an input voltage fault, there is a startup inhibit delay which will prevent the converter from restarting for approximately 300ms. after the 300ms delay elapses, if the enable inputs are high and the input voltage is within the operating range, the converter will restart. if the vin input is brought down to nearly 0v and back into the operating range, there is no startup inhibit, and the output voltage will rise according to the turn-on delay, rising vin specifcation. refer to the following current limit section for details regarding persistent current limit behavior. current limit: the converter will reduce its output voltage in response to an overload condition, as shown in figure 12. if the output voltage drops to below approximately 50% of the nominal setpoint for longer than 1 second, the auto-restart feature will engage. the auto-restart feature will stop the converter from delivering load current, in order to protect the converter and the load from thermal damage. after four seconds have elapsed, the converter will automatically restart. in a system with multiple converters confgured for load sharing using the share pin, if the auto-restart feature engages, the converters will synchronize their restart using signals communicated on the share pin. back-drive current limit: converters that use mosfets as synchronous rectifers are capable of drawing a negative current from the load if the load is a source of short- or long-term energy. this negative current is referred to as a back-drive current. conditions where back-drive current might occur include paralleled converters that do not employ current sharing, or where the current share feature does not adequately ensure sharing during the startup or shutdown transitions. it can also occur when converters having different output voltages are connected together through either explicit or parasitic diodes that, while normally off, become conductive during startup or shutdown. finally, some loads, such as motors, can return energy to their power rail. even a load capacitor is a source of back-drive energy for some period of time during a shutdown transient. to avoid any problems that might arise due to back-drive current, the mqfl converters limit the negative current that the converter can draw from its output terminals. the threshold for this back-drive current limit is placed suffciently below zero so that the converter may operate properly down to zero load, but its absolute value (see the electrical characteristics page) is small compared to the converters rated output current. input system instability: this condition can occur because any dc-dc converter appears incrementally as a negative resistance load. a detailed application note titled input system instability is available on the synqor website which provides an understanding of why this instability arises, and shows the preferred solution for correcting it. thermal considertaions: figure 11 shows the suggested power derating curves for this converter as a function of the case temperature and the maximum desired power mosfet junction temperature. all other components within the converter are cooler than its hottest mosfet, which at full power is no more than 20oc higher than the case temperature directly below this mosfet. the mil-hdbk-1547a component derating guideline calls for a maximum component temperature of 105oc. figure 11 therefore has one power derating curve that ensures this limit is maintained. it has been synqors extensive experience that reliable long-term converter operation can be achieved with a maximum component temperature of 125oc. in extreme cases, a maximum temperature of 145oc is permissible, but not recommended for long-term operation where high reliability is required. derating curves for these higher temperature limits are also included in figure 11. the maximum case temperature at which the converter should be operated is 135oc. when the converter is mounted on a metal plate, the plate will help to make the converters case bottom a uniform temperature. how well it does so depends on the thickness of the plate and on the thermal conductance of the interface layer (e.g. thermal grease, thermal pad, etc.) between the case and the plate. unless this is done very well, it is important not to mistake the plates temperature for the maximum case temperature. it is easy for them to be as much as 5-10oc different at full power and at high temperatures. it is suggested that a thermocouple be attached directly to the converters case through a small hole in the plate when investigating how hot the converter is getting. care must also be made to ensure that there is not a large thermal resistance between the thermocouple and the case due to whatever adhesive might be used to hold the thermocouple in place.
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 15 stress screening construction and environmental stress screening options milqor converters and filters are offered in three variations of environmental stress screening options. all milqor converters use synqors proprietary qorseal? hi-rel assembly process that includes a parylene-c coating of the circuit, a high performance thermal compound filler, and a nickel barrier gold plated aluminum case. each successively higher grade has more stringent mechanical and electrical testing, as well as a longer burn-in cycle. the es- and hb-grades are also constructed of components that have been procured through an element evaluation process that pre-qualifies each new batch of devices. screening consistent with mil-std-883f c-grade (-40 oc to +100 oc) es-grade (-55 oc to +125 oc) (element evaluation) hb-grade (-55 oc to +125 oc) (element evaluation) internal visual * yes yes yes temperature cycle method 1010 no condition b (-55 oc to +125 oc) condition c (-65 oc to +150 oc) constant acceleration method 2001 (y1 direction) no 500g condition a (5000g) burn-in method 1015 load cycled ? 10s period ? 2s @ 100% load ? 8s @ 0% load 24 hrs @ +125 oc 96 hrs @ +125 oc 160 hrs @ +125 oc final electrical test method 5005 (group a) +25 oc -45, +25, +100 oc -55, +25, +125 oc mechanical seal, thermal, and coating process full qorseal full qorseal full qorseal external visual 2009 * yes yes construction process qorseal qorseal qorseal * per ipc-a-610 class 3 output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 16 mechanical diagrams made in usa 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 11 10 9 8 7 1.260 [32.00] 1.50 [38.1] 0.128 [3.25] 0.22 [5.6] 0.42 [10.7] 0.050 [1.27] 0.040 [1.02] pin 0.200 [5.08] typ. non-cum. 0.250 [6.35] 0.390 [9.91] 2.50 [63.5] 2.760 [70.10] 3.00 [76.2] see note 7 s/n 0000000 d/c 32 11 -301 cage 1wx10 2.80 [71.1] made in usa 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 11 10 9 8 7 1.260 [32.00] 1.50 [38.1] 0.128 [3.25] 0.228 [5.79] 0.22 [5.6] 0.050 [1.27] 0.040 [1.02] pin 0.200 [5.08] typ. non-cum. 0.250 [6.35] 0.390 [9.91] 2.50 [63.50] 2.760 [70.10] 3.00 [76.2] 2.96 [75.2] s/n 0000000 d/c 3205-301 cage 1wx10 see note 7 case x case u pin designations pin # function pin # function 1 positive input 7 positive output 2 input return 8 output return 3 case 9 negative output 4 enable 1 10 trim 5 sync output 11 share 6 sync input 12 enable 2 notes 1) pins 0.040 (1.02mm) diameter 2) pin material: copper alloy finish: gold over nickel plating, followed by sn/pb solder dip 3) all dimensions in inches (mm) tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm) 4) weight: 2.8 oz (78.5 g) typical 5) workmanship: meets or exceeds ipc-a-610 class iii 6) print labeling on top surface per product label format drawing 7) pin 1 identifcation hole, not intended for mounting (case x and u) +vin ena 2 in rtn share case trim ena 1 -vout sync out out rtn sync in +vout +vin ena 2 in rtn share case trim ena 1 -vout sync out out rtn sync in +vout MQFL-270-05D-X-ES dc-dc converter 270v in 5.0v out @ 24a mqfl-270-05d-u-es dc-dc converter 270v in 5.0v out @ 24a output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 17 mechanical diagrams 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 11 10 9 8 7 1.750 [44.45] 1.50 [38.1] 0.228 [5.79] 0.300 [7.62] 0.140 [3.56] 0.22 [5.6] 0.050 [1.27] 0.040 [1.02] pin 0.200 [5.08] typ. non-cum. 0.250 [6.35] 0.250 [6.35] typ 0.375 [9.52] 2.50 [63.5] 2.96 [75.2] 0.390 [9.91] 2.000 [50.80] 1.150 [29.21] 1.750 [44.45] s/n 0000000 d/c 32 11 -301 cage 1wx10 made in usa 0.390 [9.91] 0.050 [1.27] 0.36 [9.14] 0.250 [6.35] 0.22 [5.6] 2.80 [71.1] 0.525 [13.33] 0.040 [1.02] pin 0.200 [5.08] typ. non-cum. 0.390 [9.91] 0.050 [1.27] 0.250 [6.35] 0.22 [5.6] 0.42 [10.7] 2.80 [71.1] 0.525 [13.33] 0.040 [1.02] pin 0.200 [5.08] typ. non-cum. case y case z (variant of y) case w (variant of y) pin designations pin # function pin # function 1 positive input 7 positive output 2 input return 8 output return 3 case 9 negative output 4 enable 1 10 trim 5 sync output 11 share 6 sync input 12 enable 2 notes 1) pins 0.040 (1.02mm) diameter 2) pin material: copper alloy finish: gold over nickel plating, followed by sn/pb solder dip 3) all dimensions in inches (mm) tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm) 4) weight: 2.8 oz (78.5 g) typical 5) workmanship: meets or exceeds ipc-a-610 class iii 6) print labeling on top surface per product label format drawing 7) pin 1 identifcation hole, not intended for mounting (case x and u) +vin ena 2 in rtn share case trim ena 1 -vout sync out out rtn sync in +vout mqfl-270-05d-y-es dc-dc converter 270v in 5.0v out @ 24a output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 18 ordering information milqor converter family matrix the tables below show the array of milqor converters available. when ordering synqor converters, please ensure that you use the complete part number according to the table in the last page. contact the factory for other requirements. single output dual output ? full size 1.5v 1.8v 2.5v 3.3v 5v 6v 7.5v 9v 12v 15v 28v 5v 12v 15v (1r5s) (1r8s) (2r5s) (3r3s) (05s) (06s) (7r5s) (09s) (12s) (15s) (28s) (05d) (12d) (15d) mqfl-28 40a 40a 40a 30a 24a 20a 16a 13a 10a 8a 4a 24a total 10a total 8a total 16-40vin cont. 16-50vin 1s trans.* absolute max vin = 60v mqfl-28e 40a 40a 40a 30a 24a 20a 16a 13a 10a 8a 4a 24a total 10a total 8a total 16-70vin cont. 16-80vin 1s trans.* absolute max vin =100v mqfl-28v 40a 40a 40a 30a 20a 17a 13a 11a 8a 6.5a 3.3a 20a total 8a total 6.5a total 16-40vin cont. 5.5-50vin 1s trans.* absolute max vin = 60v mqfl-28ve 40a 40a 40a 30a 20a 17a 13a 11a 8a 6.5a 3.3a 20a total 8a total 6.5a total 16-70vin cont. 5.5-80vin 1s trans.* absolute max vin = 100v mqfl-270 40a 40a 40a 30a 24a 20a 16a 13a 10a 8a 4a 24a total 10a total 8a total 155-400vin cont. 155-475vin 1s trans.* absolute max vin = 550v single output dual output ? half size 1.5v 1.8v 2.5v 3.3v 5v 6v 7.5v 9v 12v 15v 28v 5v 12v 15v (1r5s) (1r8s) (2r5s) (3r3s) (05s) (06s) (7r5s) (09s) (12s) (15s) (28s) (05d) (12d) (15d) mqhl-28 20a 20a 20a 15a 10a 8a 6.6a 5.5a 4a 3.3a 1.8a 10a total 4a total 3.3a total 16-40vin cont. 16-50vin 1s trans.* absolute max vin = 60v mqhl-28e 20a 20a 20a 15a 10a 8a 6.6a 5.5a 4a 3.3a 1.8a 10a total 4a total 3.3a total 16-70vin cont. 16-80vin 1s trans.* absolute max vin =100v mqhr-28 10a 10a 10a 7.5a 5a 4a 3.3a 2.75a 2a 1.65a 0.9a 5a total 2a total 1.65a total 16-40vin cont. 16-50vin 1s trans.* absolute max vin = 60v mqhr-28e 10a 10a 10a 7.5a 5a 4a 3.3a 2.75a 2a 1.65a 0.9a 5a total 2a total 1.65a total 16-70vin cont. 16-80vin 1s trans.* absolute max vin = 100v check with factory for availability. ?80% of total output current available on any one output. *converters may be operated at the highest transient input voltage, but some component electrical and thermal stresses would be beyond mil- hdbk-1547a guidelines. output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d
product # mqfl-270-05d phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com doc.# 005-0005059 rev. c 07/25/11 page 19 ordering information model name input voltage range output voltage(s) package outline/ pin confguration screening grade single output dual output mqfl mqhl mqhr 28 28e 28v 28ve 270 1r5s 1r8s 2r5s 3r3s 05s 06s 7r5s 09s 12s 15s 28s 05d 12d 15d u x y w z c es hb warranty synqor offers a two (2) year limited warranty. complete warranty informa - tion is listed on our website or is available upon request from synqor. information furnished by synqor is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is assumed by synqor for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of synqor. contact synqor for further information: phone : 978-849-0600 toll free : 1-888-567-9596 fax : 978-849-0602 e-mail : mqnbofae@synqor.com web : www.synqor.com address : 155 swanson road boxborough, ma 01719 usa patents synqor holds the following u.s. patents, one or more of which apply to each product listed in this document. additional patent applications may be pending or fled in the future. 5,999,417 6,222,742 6,545,890 6,577,109 6,594,159 6,731,520 6,894,468 6,896,526 6,927,987 7,050,309 7,072,190 7,085,146 7,119,524 7,269,034 7,272,021 7,272,023 7,558,083 7,564,702 7,765,687 7,787,261 application notes a variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded in pdf format from the synqor website. part numbering system the part numbering system for synqors milqor dc-dc converters follows the format shown in the table below. not all combinations make valid part numbers, please contact synqor for availability. see the product summary web page for more options. example: mqfl-270-05d-y-es output: current: 5.0v 24a mqfl-270-05d

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